Theoretical and Applied Economics
No. 3 / 2020 (624), Autumn
Covid crisis: Fiscal, monetary and macro-financial policy responses
School of Economics and Management Wuhan University, Hubei, China
Abstract. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in the world is deepening a profound impact and economic uncertainty. In essence, lockdown and social distancing measures are triggering losses in global production, supply, trades, investments, and employment. This article, to counteract the economic losses and macroeconomic uncertainty, explores the policy evolution of macroeconomic effects during the COVID-19 pandemic. It has communicated different policy responses addressing the potential economic damages in the G-7 countries and 24 emerging market economies (EMEs). The article also illustrates the lockdown and regulatory implications and dynamic economic interventions mandated by the governments, monetary authorities, and central banks. The study demonstrates the potential impact of fiscal, monetary, and macro-financial policy measures on the economic losses caused by regulatory and quarantine measures. Monetary authorities and central banks have lowered the policy rates like repurchase agreement rate (repo), reverse repo, cash reserve requirement (CRR) to ease the liquidity supplies to the economy. Central banks also offered credit facilities to cater to the demand for loans and advances. The study finds that G-7 economies and emerging market economies have implemented a comprehensive fast-track fiscal, monetary, and macro-financial policy to counteract the pandemic's negative economic consequences. The policy measures include the fiscal stimulus package, direct spending, loans, and credit facilities, refinancing schemes, swap agreement, discount loan window, tax cut on credit, short term loan extension, bridge finance, policy rate cuts, bond purchase, SMEs financing. These policy measures, if implemented successfully, are predicted to minimize the impact of the crisis and to stabilize the economies.
Contents
Social protection systems and economic growth
Analysis of the impact generated by COVID-19 in banking institutions and possible economic effects
Covid crisis: Fiscal, monetary and macro-financial policy responses
Simulation of financial contagion effect using the NetLogo software at the level of the banking network
Impact of education and government effectiveness on the shadow economy
Financial development and income inequality: An empirical analysis on the emerging market economies
Aspects and evolutions specific to monetary policy in Romania. A complex topical analysis
Foreign trade policy and economic growth: Indian evidence
The effect of external debt on long run economic growth in developing economies: Evidence from heterogeneous panel data models with cross sectional dependency
Structural modeling of fiscal structure for policy analysis: A case study of India
Macroeconomic variables and market expectations: Indian Stock Market
Relationship analysis of stocks prices and exchange rates of three leading Asian economies
Bitcoins as a determinant of stock market movements: A comparison of Indian and Chinese Stock Markets
The causal relationship between Indian energy consumption and the GDP: A shift from conservation to feedback hypothesis post economic liberalisation
The dependence and dynamic correlation between Islamic and conventional insurances and stock market: A multivariate short memory approach
Does exchange rate has any impact on economic growth in India? An empirical analysis
Corruption, technological innovation and environmental quality in South Asian countries: An empirical insight
Analysis of the quarterly evolution of the Gross Domestic Product
The main theoretical aspects regarding the capital adequacy models
Considerations regarding the effects of COVID-19 on the tourism market