Theoretical and Applied Economics
No. 3 / 2026 (648), Autumn
Have we truly transitioned from industrial to service-based economies? An analysis of the economic sectoral distribution
Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes (UAA), México
Abstract. Since the mid-20th century, it has been argued that countries would transition from industrial economies to service-based economies. This study assesses this transition by analyzing the sectoral composition of GDP in 2024 across 205 countries and territories, with a multi-scale analysis of the world, the Americas, and Mexico. Results show that services are the main sector in over 90% of countries, although development levels remain highly unequal. In Mexico, services have increased while industry has relatively declined, suggesting relative deindustrialization. Overall, although the transition to service economies is confirmed, it masks unequal structural trajectories and dynamics between countries.
Contents
Comparing portfolios built from intrinsic-value-based stock picks versus market-cap-weighted indices
The impact of shifting elasticity of substitution on international firm location: global macroeconomic implications
Social security contributions and growth constraints in Greece: breaking the fiscal rigidity trap
Predicting customer churn using Machine Learning: models and core approaches
Have we truly transitioned from industrial to service-based economies? An analysis of the economic sectoral distribution
Monetary-fiscal policy regimes and economic growth in Algeria: a Markov-switching analysis (1990Q2–2025Q4)
Does foreign aid reach the poorest? A multidimensional poverty analysis for Pakistan
Mathematical modeling of nearshoring and reshoring in the reconfiguration of trade flows
Analyzing the impact of agricultural growth on inclusive growth in Côte d'Ivoire: key challenges and opportunities
Credibility erosion and exchange rate pass-through in Türkiye
The aggregate banking-sector footprint of financial education mandates: cohort exposure, community bank margins, and an arithmetic of detection
The relationship between exchange rates, trade and economic growth in the Philippine context
Social sector expenditure, economic growth, and multidimensional poverty in India: evidence from panel data analysis
Capitalization of Romanian companies and macroeconomic variables: friends or foes?
The role of investment and trade in promoting economic growth in Ghana
Beyond generational decay: a psychosocial account of Generation Z’s changing relationship with achievement, education and work
Financial inclusion and sustainable development in Algeria: an empirical analysis using the ARDL Model (2004-2022)
The Impact of Fiscal Policy on Inflation in Romania
Comparing regional and global spillovers to the GCC equity markets
Tax pressure and governance in a spatially interdependent world: international evidence and Morocco’s positioning
Management and performance of territorial police structures: a conceptual framework based on indicators