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No. 3 / 2026 — Autumn

Peer-reviewed articles in economics, finance, public policy, and sustainable development.

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Theoretical and Applied Economics
No. 4 / 2022 (633), Winter

Transitions into self-employment in European Union and Israel: Field study

Iyad SNUNU
Tel Hai Academic College, Israel

Abstract. Self-employment is an employment in which the person's income comes from his independent business activity. Self-employed manage his own business or acts in a legal association. Despite the greater economic risk associated with the independent status, many choose to do so for a living. In thus study we want to learn if the self-employed has more opportunities to earn than an employee, although his job depends on his skills to develop the occupation in which he chose to earn a living, and on the market conditions in which he operates, and all of this will be examined in the Israeli and European context.

Keywords: labor market, self-employment, Covid-19, Israel, Europe.

Contents

1

Development banks – promoters of economic development?

Dan Costin NIŢESCU · Valentin MURGU

2

The nexus between global oil prices and Islamic and conventional stock markets in the developed and developing countries

Tuğba KAYHAN · Mustafa UYSAL

3

American bilateral trade with emerging economies and its influence on world economic recovery post Covid-19: Analysis through VECM

G.K. CHETAN KUMAR · K.B. RANGAPPA · SUCHITRA S

4

Energy poverty and the vulnerable energy consumer in Romania: A curious case of policy schizophrenia

Corina MURAFA

5

Transitions into self-employment in European Union and Israel: Field study

Iyad SNUNU

6

A cross country analysis of components of economic growth through the growth accounting approach

Yashasvi PANDEY · C.R. BISHNOI

7

Financial liberalization and economic growth: The case of Algeria

Mohammed BENAZZA · Djahida LAYATI

8

Financial inclusion in sub-Saharan Africa: Benchmarking against peer developing countries

Mahamat Ibrahim AHMAT-TIDJANI · Brou Emmanuel AKA

9

Cointegration and stock market interdependence: Evidence from India and selected Asian and African stock markets

Tom JACOB · LITTLEFLOWER P. J

10

Government subsidies and income inequality in Algeria: An analytical and empirical study

Siham MATALLAH · Lahouari BENLAHCENE · Amal MATALLAH

11

An analysis of the effect of widespread unemployment on corruption

Udit MAHESHWARI · Ashutosh PRIYA · Ravi Kumar GUPTA

12

The Russia-Ukraine invasion toward increasing food security threat for population: An empirical study using T-GARCH model

Naima BENTOUIR

13

Energy consumption and economic growth nexus in Africa: New insights from emerging economies

Obukohwo Oba EFAYENA · Enoh Hilda OLELE · Ngozi Patricia BUZUGBE

14

Two conditions which induce Giffen behavior in any numerical analysis if applied to the Wold-Juréen (1953) utility function

Robert SPROULE · Michael KARRAS

15

How large is the size of Côte d'Ivoire's informal sector? A MIMIC approach

Paul Vivien OYIBO · Friedrich SCHNEIDER

16

Portfolio construction and performance evaluation: Evidence from India and Iran

Fatemeh KIASSI

17

Cost structures, technology levels and collusion

Suryaprakash MISHRA

18

The trend of the economic evolution in Romania in the context of crises

Constantin ANGHELACHE · Mădălina-Gabriela ANGHEL · Ștefan Virgil IACOB · Dana Luiza GRIGORESCU