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No. 3 / 2026 — Autumn

Peer-reviewed articles in economics, finance, public policy, and sustainable development.

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Theoretical and Applied Economics
No. 2 / 2026 (647), Summer

Adaptive AI, behavioural pattern formation, and the development of human cognition

Raluca Iuliana GEORGESCU
Bodislav & Associates, Romania
Dumitru Alexandru BODISLAV
Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania

Abstract. Artificial intelligence is commonly discussed in terms of information access, automation, productivity, and decision support. While these functions are important, they may not fully capture the broader significance of adaptive AI systems. Unlike many previous informational technologies, adaptive AI systems engage in ongoing interaction that can adapt to the needs, questions, communication styles, and understanding of individual users. This creates opportunities for a more personalized and responsive form of engagement with information. This article explores the possibility that the importance of adaptive AI extends beyond the information it provides. Through repeated adaptive interaction, individuals may encounter and practice new approaches to reasoning, communication, information organization, perspective exploration, and problem-solving. Over time, some of these patterns may become incorporated into how individuals learn, think, communicate, and engage with new situations. The article argues that adaptive AI systems may increasingly function as a source of pattern formation alongside the human relationships, educational experiences, professional environments, and social contexts that have historically contributed to human development. As individuals integrate patterns encountered through adaptive AI interaction with those acquired from other sources, new forms of pattern merging may emerge within the developmental process itself. Building on perspectives from developmental psychology and historical accounts of technological change, this article proposes a framework for understanding adaptive AI as a participant in processes of learning and development rather than solely as a tool for information retrieval. The article concludes that the long-term significance of adaptive AI may lie not only in what it knows, but also in its capacity to support the acquisition, refinement, and application of patterns that contribute to human development across different areas of life.

Keywords: adaptive artificial intelligence, human cognition, behavioural pattern formation, human development, social learning.

Contents

1

Military expenditure and economic sustainability: implications of the SAFE program

Andrei-Cosmin RUSU · Rares-Emanuel POP

2

Regional inequalities and human capital adaptability in Romania

Teodora-Cătălina DUMITRA

3

Income inequality: The Resource Distribution Index (RDI)

Kausar YASMEEN

4

Testing the weak form efficiency of green financial markets: A comparative study between developed and developing green financial markets

Mohammed Chawki HABI · Moussa BENIKHLEF

5

Exploring symmetry and asymmetry in evacuation dynamics: A comprehensive bibliometric and computational analysis

Nora CHIRIȚĂ · Livia-Diana IANCU · Camelia DELCEA

6

AI-driven marketing models as a competitive advantage in global markets

Elena KALININA

7

Does institutional quality promote economic growth in West Africa?

Piman Alain-Raphaël BAYILI · Mahamadou DIARRA · Oumarou ZALLÉ

8

A dynamic panel data analysis of the asymmetric impact of labour cost on intra-EU migration

Maria Berta BELU · Mădălina Ecaterina POPESCU · Amalia CRISTESCU

9

Determinants of CO2 emissions in ASEAN-5: The role of human development, renewable energy, and economic growth

Rensi Elga YUNIOR · Anna YULIANITA · Ariodillah HIDAYAT

10

Effects of digital economy on economic growth: Evidence from low- and middle-income countries in Africa

Donnibè DAH · Pam ZAHONOGO · Ousmane TRAORÉ

11

Adaptive AI, behavioural pattern formation, and the development of human cognition

Raluca Iuliana GEORGESCU · Dumitru Alexandru BODISLAV

12

Tax-driven alignment between conforming and non-conforming earnings management across different accounting standards

Ammar Razzaq Al RUBAYE · Sajad Mahdi ABBAS · Abass K. JAUD

13

Effect of inclusive business models on multidimensional poverty in Burkina Faso

Judith OUBDA · Eugène Dimaviya COMPAORÉ · Boukaré MAÏGA

14

Gross financial wealth or net financial strength? Household balance sheets and economic development in the European Union

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15

Government expenditures and tax policy: A comprehensive fiscal analysis for Greece from 1974 to 2018

Panagiotis ASIMAKOPOULOS

16

What is the nature of the relationship between inflation and economic growth? Empirical evidence for the 13 least developed African countries

Rajab BOUZAYANI · Zouheir ABIDA

17

Digital trust and consumer psychology: A robust analysis of youth entrepreneurship in emerging Indian markets

Mishra SHIKHAR

18

Can monetary policy drive inclusive social development in Africa? Instrumental variables quantile regression approach

Tiraogo Rodrigue OUEDRAOGO · Pousbila DIANDA

19

Analysing the relationship between tourist flows and socio-economic development. A comparative case study: Romania vs. PIGS countries

Ioana-Victoria BĂDICIOIU